Continued circulation of mpox: an epidemiological and phylogenetic assessment, European Region, 2023 to 2024

Author:

Vaughan Aisling M12ORCID,Afzal Mohammed13ORCID,Nannapaneni Priyanka3,Leroy Mathias2,Andrianou Xanthi3,Pires Jeffrey2,Funke Silvia3,Roman Celine2,Reyes-Uruena Juliana3,Aberle Stephan4,Aristodimou Aristos5,Aspelund Gudrun6,Bennet Kirsty F7,Bormane Antra8,Caraglia Anna9,Charles Hannah7,Chazelle Emilie10,Christova Iva11,Cohen Orna12,Constantinou Costas5,Couvreur Simon13,Diaz Asuncion14,Fabiánová Kateřina15,Ferraro Federica9,Grenersen Marte Petrikke16,Grilc Eva17,Hannila-Handelberg Tuula18,Hvass Anne Kathrine19,Igoe Derval20,Jansen Klaus21,Janță Denisa22,Kaoustou Styliani23,Koch Anders2419,Kosanovic Licina Mirjana Lana25,Krumova Stefka11,Labutin Anton26,Lachmann Raskit21,Lecompte Amaryl13,Lefrançois Rémi27,Leitena Viktorija8,Liitsola Kirsi18,Mlinarić Ivan28,Mor Zohar2912,Neary Martha30,Novacek Alina31,Øgle Magnus Wenstøp16,Orlíková Hana3215,Papadima Kalliopi23,Rehn Moa33,Sadkowska-Todys Malgorzata34,Sîrbu Anca22,Sondén Klara33,Suárez Berta35,Thordardottir Marianna6,Vasconcelos Paula36,Vieira Martins Joao37,Zakrzewska Karolina34,Widdowson Marc-Alain382,Gossner Céline M383

Affiliation:

1. These authors contributed equally as first authors

2. World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for Europe, Copenhagen, Denmark

3. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), Stockholm, Sweden

4. Medical University of Vienna, Centre for Virology, Vienna, Austria

5. Medical and Public Health Services, Nicosia, Cyprus

6. Centre for Health Security and Communicable Disease Control, Directorate of Health, Reykjavik, Iceland

7. United Kingdom Health Security Agency, London, United Kingdom

8. Center for Disease Prevention and Control of Latvia, Department of Infectious Diseases Risk Analysis and Prevention, Riga, Latvia

9. Ministry of Health, Rome, Italy

10. Santé publique France, the French National Public Health Agency, Saint-Maurice, France

11. National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria

12. Division of Epidemiology, Ministry of Health, Jerusalem, Israel

13. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Sciensano, Brussels, Belgium

14. National Centre of Epidemiology, CIBER in Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC), Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain

15. National Institute of Public Health, Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Prague, Czechia

16. Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NIPH), Oslo, Norway

17. NIJZ (NIPH), Centre for Communicable Diseases, Ljubljana, Slovenia

18. Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland

19. Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Prevention, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark

20. HSE Public Health: National Health Protection Office, Dublin, Ireland

21. Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany

22. National Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania

23. Directorate of Epidemiological Surveillance and Intervention for Communicable Diseases, National Public Health Organization, Marousi, Greece

24. Department of Infectious Diseases, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

25. Andrija Stampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Zagreb, Croatia

26. Swiss Federal Office of Public Health, Bern, Switzerland

27. Santé publique France, the French National Public Health Agency, Saint-Denis, France

28. Croatian Institute of Public Health, Division for Epidemiology of Communicable Diseases, Zagreb, Croatia

29. School of Health Sciences, Ashkelon Academic College, Ashkelon, Israel

30. HSE Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland

31. Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Vienna, Austria

32. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia

33. Public Health Agency of Sweden (PHAS), Solna, Sweden

34. National Institute of Public Health NIH - National Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland

35. Coordinating Centre for Health Alerts and Emergencies (CCAES), Directorate General of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Madrid, Spain

36. Public Health Emergency Centre, Directorate-General of Health (DGS), Lisbon, Portugal

37. Directorate of Information and Analysis, Directorate-General of Health, Lisbon, Portugal

38. These authors contributed equally as last authors

Abstract

During the summer of 2023, the European Region experienced a limited resurgence of mpox cases following the substantial outbreak in 2022. This increase was characterised by asynchronous and bimodal increases, with countries experiencing peaks at different times. The demographic profile of cases during the resurgence was largely consistent with those reported previously. All available sequences from the European Region belonged to clade IIb. Sustained efforts are crucial to control and eventually eliminate mpox in the European Region.

Publisher

European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (ECDC)

Reference19 articles.

1. A large multi-country outbreak of monkeypox across 41 countries in the WHO European Region, 7 March to 23 August 2022.;Vaughan;Euro Surveill,2022

2. World Health Organization (WHO). Standing recommendations for mpox issued by the Director-General of the World Health Organization (WHO) in accordance with the International Health Regulations (2005) (IHR). Geneva: WHO

3. 2023. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/standing-recommendations-for-mpox-issued-by-the-director-general-of-the-world-health-organization-(who)-in-accordance-with-the-international-health-regulations-(2005)-(ihr)

4. Strategies adopted by gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men to prevent monkeypox virus transmission - United States, August 2022.;Delaney;MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep,2022

5. The role of vaccination and public awareness in forecasts of Mpox incidence in the United Kingdom.;Brand;Nat Commun,2023

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