mcr-1 colistin resistance gene sharing between Escherichia coli from cohabiting dogs and humans, Lisbon, Portugal, 2018 to 2020

Author:

Menezes Juliana12ORCID,Moreira da Silva Joana12,Frosini Sian-Marie3ORCID,Loeffler Anette3,Weese Scott4,Perreten Vincent5ORCID,Schwarz Stefan6ORCID,Telo da Gama Luís12ORCID,Amaral Andreia Jesus12ORCID,Pomba Constança12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Lisbon, Portugal

2. Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal

3. Royal Veterinary College, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom

4. Ontario Veterinary College, Guelph, Ontario, Canada

5. Institute of Veterinary Bacteriology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

6. Centre for Infection Medicine, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Microbiology and Epizootics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany

Abstract

Background The emergence of colistin resistance is a One Health antimicrobial resistance challenge worldwide. The close contact between companion animals and humans creates opportunities for transmission and dissemination of colistin-resistant bacteria. Aim To detect potential animal reservoirs of colistin-resistant Escherichia coli and investigate the possible sharing of these bacteria between dogs, cats and their cohabiting humans in the community in Lisbon, Portugal. Methods A prospective longitudinal study was performed from 2018 to 2020. Faecal samples from dogs and cats either healthy or diagnosed with a skin and soft tissue or urinary tract infection, and their cohabiting humans were screened for the presence of colistin-resistant E. coli. All isolates were tested by broth microdilution against colistin and 12 other antimicrobials. Colistin-resistant isolates were screened for 30 resistance genes, including plasmid-mediated colistin resistance genes (mcr-1 to mcr-9), and typed by multilocus sequence typing. Genetic relatedness between animal and human isolates was analysed by whole genome sequencing. Results Colistin-resistant E. coli strains harbouring the mcr-1 gene were recovered from faecal samples of companion animals (8/102; 7.8%) and humans (4/125; 3.2%). No difference between control and infection group was detected. Indistinguishable multidrug-resistant E. coli ST744 strains harbouring the mcr-1 gene were found in humans and their dogs in two households. Conclusions The identification of identical E. coli strains containing the plasmid-mediated mcr-1 gene in companion animals and humans in daily close contact is of concern. These results demonstrate the importance of the animal–human unit as possible disseminators of clinically important resistance genes in the community setting.

Publisher

European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (ECDC)

Subject

Virology,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Epidemiology

Reference44 articles.

1. European Medicines Agency (EMA). Updated advice on the use of colistin products in animals within the European Union: development of resistance and possible impact on human and animal health (EMA/CVMP/CHMP/231573/2016). London: EMA; 2016. Available from: https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/documents/scientific-guideline/updated-advice-use-colistin-products-animals-within-european-union-development-resistance-possible_en-0.pdf

2. Emergence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance mechanism MCR-1 in animals and human beings in China: a microbiological and molecular biological study.;Liu;Lancet Infect Dis,2016

3. Plasmid-mediated colistin resistance (mcr-1 gene): three months later, the story unfolds.;Skov;Euro Surveill,2016

4. First report on the detection of the plasmid-borne colistin resistance gene mcr-1 in multi-drug resistant E. coli isolated from domestic and sewer waters in Syrian refugee camps in Lebanon.;Sulaiman;Travel Med Infect Dis,2019

5. Early emergence of mcr-1-positive Enterobacteriaceae in gulls from Spain and Portugal.;Ahlstrom;Environ Microbiol Rep,2019

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