Leg crossing with muscle tensing, a physical counter-manoeuvre to prevent syncope, enhances leg blood flow

Author:

Groothuis Jan T.1,van Dijk Nynke2,ter Woerds Walter1,Wieling Wouter2,Hopman Maria T. E.1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Physiology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands

2. Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, PO Box 22660, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Abstract

In patients with orthostatic intolerance, the mechanisms to maintain BP (blood pressure) fail. A physical counter-manoeuvre to postpone or even prevent orthostatic intolerance in these patients is leg crossing combined with muscle tensing. Although the central haemodynamic effects of physical counter-manoeuvres are well documented, not much is known about the peripheral haemodynamic events. Therefore the purpose of the present study was to examine the peripheral haemodynamic effects of leg crossing combined with muscle tensing during 70° head-up tilt. Healthy subjects (n=13) were monitored for 10 min in the supine position followed by 10 min in 70° head-up tilt and, finally, for 2 min of leg crossing with muscle tensing in 70° head-up tilt. MAP (mean arterial BP), heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output and total peripheral resistance were measured continuously by Portapres. Leg blood flow was measured using Doppler ultrasound. Leg vascular conductance was calculated as leg blood flow/MAP. A significant increase in MAP (13 mmHg), stroke volume (27%) and cardiac output (18%), a significant decrease in heart rate (−5 beats/min) and no change in total peripheral resistance during the physical counter-manoeuvre were observed when compared with baseline 70° head-up tilt. A significant increase in leg blood flow (325 ml/min) and leg vascular conductance (2.9 arbitrary units) were seen during the physical counter-manoeuvre when compared with baseline 70° head-up tilt. In conclusion, the present study indicates that the physical counter-manoeuvre of leg crossing combined with muscle tensing clearly enhances leg blood flow and, at the same time, elevates MAP.

Publisher

Portland Press Ltd.

Subject

General Medicine

Reference38 articles.

1. Reflex control during orthostasis;Rowell,1993

2. General responses to orthostatic stress;Smith,1990

3. Pathophysiological basis of orthostatic hypotension in autonomic failure;Smit;J. Physiol.,1999

4. Autonomic control of vasovagal syncope;Jardine;Am. J. Physiol.,1998

5. Management of vasovagal syncope: controlling or aborting faints by leg crossing and muscle tensing;Krediet;Circulation,2002

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