Age Versus HBA1c: Which Is a Better Predictor of Acute Kidney Injury in Diabetics After CABG?

Abstract

Diabetes is a proven risk factor for the development of Acute Kidney Injury after CABG. There are other multiple factors which are involved in causing AKI after CABG like pre-operative renal dysfunction, long CPB time, and low cardiac output syndrome. We controlled all the variables, to study the difference between age and HBA1c levels in predicting acute kidney injury after CABG. Objective: The purpose of the study is to take the diabetic population and control other variables involved in causation of AKI after CABG and study the role of age versus HBA1c levels in predicting AKI after elective CABG. Methods: A total of 200 diabetic patients who underwent elective CABG were selected from May, 2021 May, 2022 at NICVD Karachi. The KDIGO criteria for AKI was applied and diabetics were selected on the standard definition of diabetes. The data for age and HBA1c levels was divided into short sets to increase the accuracy level. Results: The incidence of AKI in our study was 36.5%. There were 52.7% patients who developed AKI with HBA1c of 6.5 – 7.4%; 40% developed AKI with an HBA1c levels of 7.5 – 8.4%, 16% AKI with HBA1c of 8.5 to 8.9%, 12% AKI in patients with HBA1c of 9 – 9.4%, 18% AKI with HBA1c of 9.5 – 9.9%, 20% for HBA1c of 18% and 20% for HBA1c > 10.04%.  There was 4.35% frequency of AKI for age between 40 – 49 years; 26.8% frequency for age between 50 – 59 years; 50.7% AKI for 60 -69 years and 84% for population between 70 to 80 years. Conclusions: Increasing age is a better predictor of AKI following CABG than increasing HBA1c levels till HBA1c level of 10.04%.