1. Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
2. Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
3. Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
4. Institute for Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
5. Département Biostatistique Santé Publique et Information Médicale, Unité de Recherche Clinique, Centre de Pharmacoépidémiologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires Pitié Salpêtrière—Charles Foix, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
6. Department of Anesthesia, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
7. Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
8. Applied Health Research Centre of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Department of Medicine, St Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
9. Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
10. New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York
11. Keenan Centre for Biomedical Research, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
12. Sorbonne Université INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Paris, France
13. Service de Médecine Intensive-Réanimation, Institute de Cardiologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France