1. Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
2. Department of Digestive, Oncologic and Metabolic Surgery, Institute Mutualiste Montsouris, Universite Paris Descartes, Paris, France
3. Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Singapore General Hospital and Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
4. Division of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Department of Surgery, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
5. AdventHealth Tampa, Digestive Health Institute, Tampa, Florida
6. Hepatopancreatobiliary Unit, Department of Surgery, Changi General Hospital, Singapore
7. General Surgery Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Ospedali Riuniti Villa Sofia-Cervello, Palermo, Italy and Oncologic Surgery Department, P. Giaccone University Hospital, Palermo, Italy
8. Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Cruces University Hospital, University of the Basque Country, Bilbao, Spain
9. Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
10. Department of Surgery, Division of Hepato-Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
11. Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Moscow Clinical Scientific Center, Moscow, Russia
12. Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
13. Department of Digestive and Hepatobiliary/Pancreatic Surgery, Groeninge Hospital, Kortrijk, Belgium
14. Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Division of HPB, Minimally Invasive and Robotic Surgery, Federico II University Hospital Naples, Naples, Italy
15. Department of General Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
16. Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Liver Transplant Surgery, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
17. Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Singapore General Hospital and Duke-National University Singapore Medical School, Singapore
18. Department of Surgery, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
19. Hepatobiliary Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle
20. Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplant Unit, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
21. HPB and Liver Transplant, Department of General Surgery, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
22. Institute of Health Research of Navarra (IdisNA), Pamplona, Spain
23. Department of Surgery, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
24. Liver Surgery Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Sao Paulo, Brazil
25. Department of HPB and Digestive Surgery, Ospedale Mauriziano Umberto I, Turin, Italy
26. HPB Surgery Department, University Medical Center, HCMC, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
27. Department of Digestive, HBP and Liver Transplantation, Hopital Pitie-Salpetriere, APHP, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
28. Faculty of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, The First Medical Center of Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
29. Department of Surgery, Campus Charité Mitte and Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
30. Department of Surgery, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
31. Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
32. for the International Robotic and Laparoscopic Liver Resection study group investigators