1. Graduate student, Katz Group Centre for Pharmacy and Health Research, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
2. Professor, Post-graduate Program on Orthodontics, Guarulhos University, Guarulhos, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
3. Private practice, Red Deer, Alberta, Canada; PhD candidate, Division of Orthodontics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
4. Professor and Head, Division of Orthodontics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
5. Professor, Division of Orthodontics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.