Effect of Pravastatin on Levels of Malondealdehyde (MDA) And Endothelin-1 (ET-1) Preeclampsia Model Rats

Abstract

Introduction: Pravastatin is known to have a number of pleiotropic effects including reducing endothelial dysfunction, anti-inflammatory, antioxidants, conangiogenic, and antitrombotic. Pravastatin through the pleitropic effect is expected to be one of the alternative therapies to prevent preeclampsia. The limited strategy for prevention and treatment of preeclampsia is due to the unknown etiology and pathogenesis. These two markers are thought to contribute to the occurrence of preeclampsia although they cause it in two different pathways. MDA is a marker of oxidative stress as an end product of lipid peroxidation. ET-1 is a vasoconstrictor that plays a role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia through increasing anti-angiogenic properties. Aim: to determine the effect of pravastatin on serum levels of MDA and ET-1 in preeclampsia rat models. Methods: This study consisted of 5 groups; negative control/ K(-) consisted of normal pregnant rats, positive control/ K(+) consisted of rat model of preeclampsia (rat model of preeclampsia induced by administration of L-NAME at a dose of 125 mg/kg BW/day since gestational age 13-19 days), treatment groups 1, 2, and 3 (rat model of preeclampsia given pravastatin with 3 different doses; 2 mg/day (P1), 4 mg/day (P2) and 8 mg/day(P3)) at 13-19 days of gestation. The rat model of preeclampsia was determined based on blood pressure > 140/90 with urine protein > +1. After termination, blood was drawn to measure serum MDA and ET-1 levels. Results: Serum levels of MDA and ET-1 were decreased in groups P2 and P3 compared to groups K(+). Statistically, there was a significant difference in the mean levels of MDA (p=0.001) and ET-1 (p=0.000) between each group. Conclusion: Pravastatin can prevent preeclampsia by decreasing MDA and ET-1.