Cryo-EM reveals how the mastigoneme assembles and responds to environmental signal changes

Author:

Wang Yue1ORCID,Yang Jun1ORCID,Hu Fangheng1ORCID,Yang Yuchen1ORCID,Huang Kaiyao2ORCID,Zhang Kai1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Yale University 1 Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, , New Haven, CT, USA

2. Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences 2 Key Laboratory of Algal Biology, , Wuhan, China

Abstract

Mastigonemes are thread-like structures adorning the flagella of protists. In Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, filamentous mastigonemes find their roots in the flagella’s distal region, associated with the channel protein PKD2, implying their potential contribution to external signal sensing and flagellar motility control. Here, we present the single-particle cryo-electron microscopy structure of the mastigoneme at 3.4 Å. The filament unit, MST1, consists of nine immunoglobulin-like domains and six Sushi domains, trailed by an elastic polyproline-II helix. Our structure demonstrates that MST1 subunits are periodically assembled to form a centrosymmetric, non-polar filament. Intriguingly, numerous clustered disulfide bonds within a ladder-like spiral configuration underscore structural resilience. While defects in the mastigoneme structure did not noticeably affect general attributes of cell swimming, they did impact specific swimming properties, particularly under varied environmental conditions such as redox shifts and heightened viscosity. Our findings illuminate the potential role of mastigonemes in flagellar motility and suggest their involvement in diverse environmental responses.

Funder

Yale University

National Institutes of Health

Publisher

Rockefeller University Press

Subject

Cell Biology

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