Abstract
After ninety years of effort, physics has yet to list all elementary particles, describe dark matter, or adequately understand large-scale gravity. We suggest that a novel approach, nuance-bearing integer-based tagging, explains otherwise unexplained data that associate with those efforts. More generally, we explore two roles for tags that have bases in integers. One role promotes teamwork between science and society. Tags unite work within single endeavors. Tags entwine multiple endeavors. One role enables physics research. Tags unite properties of objects and aspects of fields. Tags help specify elementary particles, dark matter, and gravity. Physics results include the following. We catalog electromagnetic and gravitational properties of objects. We suggest a well-specified description of dark matter. We describe long-range aspects of gravity. We catalog all known and predict new elementary particles. We suggest insight regarding galaxy evolution. We suggest that those physics results help explain data that seemingly no other work explains.