A systematic review of the effects of transcranial photobiomodulation on brain activity in humans
Author:
Dole Marjorie1, Auboiroux Vincent2, Langar Lilia3, Mitrofanis John14ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Univ. Grenoble Alpes, FDD Clinatec , 38000 Grenoble , France 2. Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, Clinatec , 38000 Grenoble , France 3. Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Clinatec , 38000 Grenoble , France 4. Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London , London WC1E 6BT , UK
Abstract
Abstract
In recent years, transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) has been developing as a promising method to protect and repair brain tissues against damages. The aim of our systematic review is to examine the results available in the literature concerning the efficacy of tPBM in changing brain activity in humans, either in healthy individuals, or in patients with neurological diseases. Four databases were screened for references containing terms encompassing photobiomodulation, brain activity, brain imaging, and human. We also analysed the quality of the included studies using validated tools. Results in healthy subjects showed that even after a single session, tPBM can be effective in influencing brain activity. In particular, the different transcranial approaches – using a focal stimulation or helmet for global brain stimulation – seemed to act at both the vascular level by increasing regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and at the neural level by changing the activity of the neurons. In addition, studies also showed that even a focal stimulation was sufficient to induce a global change in functional connectivity across brain networks. Results in patients with neurological disease were sparser; nevertheless, they indicated that tPBM could improve rCBF and functional connectivity in several regions. Our systematic review also highlighted the heterogeneity in the methods and results generated, together with the need for more randomised controlled trials in patients with neurological diseases. In summary, tPBM could be a promising method to act on brain function, but more consistency is needed in order appreciate fully the underlying mechanisms and the precise outcomes.
Publisher
Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Subject
General Neuroscience
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