Advances in electrochromic device technology through the exploitation of nanophotonic and nanoplasmonic effects

Author:

Hopmann Eric1ORCID,Zhang Wu1ORCID,Li Haizeng2ORCID,Elezzabi Abdulhakem Y.1

Affiliation:

1. Ultrafast Optics and Nanophotonics Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Alberta , Edmonton , AB T6G 2V4 , Canada

2. Optics & Thermal Radiation Research Center , Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University , Qingdao , Shandong 266273 , China

Abstract

Abstract Research regarding electrochromic (EC) materials, such materials that change their color upon application of an electrochemical stimulus, has been conducted for centuries. However, most recently, increasing efforts have been put into developing novel solutions to utilize these on-off switching materials in advanced nanoplasmonic and nanophotonic devices. Due to the significant change in dielectric properties of oxides such as WO3, NiO, Mn2O3 and conducting polymers like PEDOT:PSS and PANI, EC materials have transcended beyond simple smart window applications and are now found in plasmonic devices for full-color displays and enhanced modulation transmission and photonic devices with ultra-high on-off ratios and sensing abilities. Advancements in nanophotonic ECDs have further decreased EC switching speed by several orders of magnitude, allowing integration in real-time measurement and lab-on-chip applications. The EC nature of such nanoscale devices promises low energy consumption with low operating voltages paired with bistability and long lifetimes. We summarize these novel approaches to EC device design, lay out the current short comings and draw a path forward for future utilization.

Publisher

Walter de Gruyter GmbH

Subject

Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials,Biotechnology

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