Factors Influencing Physical Activity Behaviors in Colorectal Cancer Survivors

Abstract

Purpose. To elucidate factors that impact intention (INT) to be active as well as actual physical activity (PA) behavior in colorectal cancer survivors (CRC-S) using the theory of planned behavior (TpB). Planning for PA was explored as a mediator of the INT-behavior relationship. Chemotherapy-induced neuropathy and fatigue were also explored. Design. A cross-sectional quantitative mailed survey was used. Setting. The study was conducted among community-dwelling adults living in Pennsylvania when diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC). Subjects. Subjects comprised 843 CRC-S diagnosed with CRC in Pennsylvania in 2009. Measures. The survey included questions about planning for PA, TpB constructs, medical and social variables, and PA as measured by a modified Godin Leisure Time Questionnaire. Analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the sample. A mediation analysis was used to determine if planning mediated the relationship between INT and actual PA behavior. A stepwise regression was used to determine predictors of INT and PA. Results. Ninety-six CRC-S responded, with 25% meeting PA recommendations for health promotion, suggesting that CRC-S are insufficiently active. Perceived behavioral control (PBC) and social norm (SN) accounted for 43% of the variance in INT, whereas 30% of the variance in PA was explained by PBC and age. Neuropathy negatively impacted PA behavior (p = .008). Both action and coping planning partially mediated the INT-behavior relationship (β = 20.08, p = .007; β = 22.85, p = .001, respectively). Conclusion. Survivors at risk for inactivity are those with low PBC, low SN, and neuropathy, and those who are older.