1. Reportedly President Kravchuk “without diplomatic good manners” told deputies from Crimea: “How can (you) talk about Ukrainization…when on the peninsula there are no Ukrainian newspapers and no Ukrainian schools or kindergartens?” (Osvita, 25 June 1993).
2. Arel Dominique , “Federalism and the Language Factor,” Unpublished paper presented at the Annual Conference of the American Association for the Advancement of Slavic Studies, Phoenix, November 1992.
3. Art. 7 of this draft indicates that “in sites of compact settlement of one or several national groups, the language acceptable to the majority of the population…can be used as an official language, along with Ukrainian, in state organs and institutions.” See “Konstitutsiia Ukrainy. Proekt. V redaksii vid 26 zhovtnia 1993 r.,” inserted in central Ukrainian newspapers, November 1993.
4. Art. 3, par. 2 of the language law. The next paragraph adds that in cases where no “national” group constitutes the majority in a given locality, then the language of local organs can be either Ukrainian or a language “acceptable to the whole population,” i.e., Russian.
5. This notion of bilingualism was already propounded when the draft of the language law was debated in 1989 (Pravda Ukrainy, 28 October 1989).