1. Bank of Italy, Economic Research Unit Catanzaro Branch, Catanzaro, Italy
2. Department of Political and Social Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
3. Department of Law, Economics and Sociology, ‘Magna Græcia’ University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
4. RWI – Leibniz Institute for Economic Research, Essen, Germany
5. IZA Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany