1. Department of Internal medicine, Yoshikawa Central General Hospital, Saitama, Japan
2. Center for Pulmonary Diseases, National Hospital Organization Tokyo National Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
3. Department of Health Services Research, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
4. Department of Respiratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
5. Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo, Japan
6. Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Health Economics, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
7. Department of Health Policy and Informatics, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan