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Bone formation in large/moderate gap after immediate implantation in response to different treatments: a pre-clinical study in the canine posterior mandible

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Abstract

Objectives

This study aims to investigate different treatments on new bone formation around immediate implants in the canine posterior mandible with varying sized mesial-distal gap.

Materials and methods

The 4th premolar and the 1st molar of six Labrador dogs were extracted from the mandible, and 4 dental implants were placed 1 mm below the level of the buccal bone crest. Moderate/large mesial-distal gaps between the implants and the sockets were treated with one of four methods and divided into the following groups: (1) the blank group, (2) the collagen membrane (CM) group, (3) the deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) group, and (4) the DBBM + CM group. Sequential fluorescent labeling was performed at 4, 8, and 10 weeks after the operation. After 12 weeks, the dogs were euthanized, and specimens were collected for micro-CT scanning and histological analysis.

Results

The survival rate of immediate implant was 100%. Micro-CT showed significant differences in bone mineral density (BMD) and bone volume fraction (BVF) among groups (P = 0.040, P = 0.009); other indicators were not significantly different among groups. Histological analysis showed the proportion of new bone formation and bone-to-implant contact were not significantly different among groups. No significant difference in bone reduction height around dental implant among four groups and varied mesial-distal gap size.

Conclusion

Owing to the restricted sample size, this pilot study lacks conclusive findings. Within the limitation, this study demonstrated that although DBBM significantly increase BMD and BVF, the use of DBBM/CM didn’t significantly improve bone formation and healing in extraction sockets around the implants in both moderate and large mesial-distal gap.

Clinical relevance

The use of deproteinized bovine bone in conjunction with collagen is a common practice in immediate implantation procedures in the posterior mandible. However, there is a lack of conclusive evidence regarding the timing and circumstances under which they should be employed.

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Funding

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32171347, 92368111), CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (CIFMS) (2019-I2M-5-037), the Foundation of Leading Talents from Shanghai Health Commission (2022XD038), Training Programme for Research Physicians in Innovation and Transformation from shanghai hospital development center (SHDC2022CRD002), Institute of Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine Joint Research Project from shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (2022LHA04), Crossover Research Fund Project from Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (JYJC202012), Clinical Research Booster Project from Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (JYLJ202102), Medicine Biological Sample Project from Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School (YBKB202210), Original Exploration Project Funding of Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital (JYYC007).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200001, China

    Yiwen Zhang, Jing Wu, Qiutong Yang, Zhiyuan Zhang & Duohong Zou

  2. National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Research Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Regenerative Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, 200001, China

    Yiwen Zhang, Jing Wu, Qiutong Yang, Zhiyuan Zhang & Duohong Zou

  3. Department of Oral Implant, Key Lab. of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, Stomatologic Hospital & College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China

    Yong Zhou & Mohan Wang

  4. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Collage of Stomatology, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China

    Duohong Zou

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  1. Yiwen Zhang
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  2. Jing Wu
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  3. Qiutong Yang
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Contributions

Author contributions:Yiwen Zhang and Jing Wu were responsible for data collection and analysis; Yiwen Zhang, Jing Wu and Qiutong Yang guided the writing of the manuscript; Yong Zhou and Mohan Wang were responsible for the surgical approach; Zhiyuan Zhang and Duohong Zou were responsible for the critical revisions of the paper and conceived the concept for the study.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Duohong Zou.

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The research was carried out in Shanghai after receiving approval from the Medical Animal Care & Welfare Committee of Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine (HKDL2018225).

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The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest regarding the present study.

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Zhang, Y., Wu, J., Yang, Q. et al. Bone formation in large/moderate gap after immediate implantation in response to different treatments: a pre-clinical study in the canine posterior mandible. Clin Oral Invest 28, 181 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-024-05559-9

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