Author:
Wang Haiqing,Chen Sen,Kang Wenhui,Ding Bojiao,Cui Shulan,Zhou Li,Zhang Na,Luo Huiying,Wang Mingjuan,Zhang Fan,Zhao Zezhou,Guo Zihu,Wang Chao,Li Liang,Wang Zhengzhong,Chen Xuetong,Wang Yonghua
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
Cancer cells require a supply of amino acids, particularly essential amino acids such as branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs, i.e., valine, leucine, and isoleucine), to meet the increased nutrient demands of malignant tumors. The cell-autonomous and non-autonomous roles of altered BCAA supply have been implicated in cancer progression. The critical proteins involved in BCAA uptake, transport, metabolism, etc. serve as potential therapeutic biomarkers in human cancers. Here, we summarize the potential anti-tumor mechanism of BCAA by exploring the chain reaction triggered by increased BCAA supply in the tumor.
Method
A system-wide strategy was employed to provide a generic solution to establish the links between BCAA and cancer based on comprehensive omics, molecular experimentation, and data analysis.
Results
BCAA over-supplementation (900 mg/kg) significantly inhibited tumor growth and reduced tumor burden, with isoleucine having the most pronounced effect. Surprisingly, isoleucine inhibited tumor growth independently of mTORC1 activation, a classical amino acid sensor. Exploratory transcriptome analysis revealed that Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is the critical factor in the anti-tumor effect of isoleucine. By inhibiting PTEN ubiquitination, isoleucine can promote PTEN nuclear import and maintain PTEN nuclear stability. Interestingly, this process was regulated by isoleucine-tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic (IARS), a direct target of isoleucine. We demonstrated the enhanced interaction between IARS and PTEN in the presence of excess isoleucine. At the same time, IARS knockout leads to loss of isoleucine tumor suppressor ability.
Conclusion
Overall, our results provide insights into the regulation of the IARS-PTEN anti-tumor axis by isoleucine and reveal a unique therapeutic approach based on enhancing cellular isoleucine supply.
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Cancer Research,Endocrine and Autonomic Systems,Endocrinology,Oncology,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Cited by
6 articles.
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