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The changes of oxygen extraction fraction in different types of lesions in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis: A cross-sectional and longitudinal study

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Abstract

Objectives

To explore the oxygen metabolism level of different types of lesions in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients by oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) both cross-sectionally and longitudinally.

Methods

Forty-six RRMS patients and forty-one healthy controls (HC) went MRI examination. The quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and OEF map were reconstructed from a 3D multi-echo gradient echo sequence. MS lesions in white matter were classified as contrast-enhancing lesions (CELs) on post-gadolinium T1-weighted sequence, paramagnetic rim lesions (PRLs), hyperintense lesions and non-hyperintense lesions on QSM, respectively. The susceptibility and OEF of different types of lesions were compared. The susceptibility and OEF values were measured and compared among different types of lesions. Among these RRMS patients, seventeen had follow-up MRI and 232 lesions, and baseline to follow-up longitudinal changes in susceptibility and OEF were measured.

Results

PRLs had higher susceptibility and lower OEF than CELs, hyperintense lesions, and non-hyperintense lesions. The hyperintense lesions had higher susceptibility and lower OEF than non-hyperintense lesions. In longitudinal changes, PRLs had susceptibility increased (P < 0.001) and OEF decreased (P < 0.001). The hyperintense lesions showed significant decreases in susceptibility (P = 0.020), and non-hyperintense lesions showed significant increases in OEF during follow-up (P = 0.005). Notably, hyperintense lesions may convert to PRLs or non-hyperintense lesions as time progresses, accompanied by changes of OEF and susceptibility in the lesions.

Conclusion

This study revealed tissue damage and oxygen metabolism level in different types of MS lesions. The OEF may contribute to further understanding the evolution of MS lesions.

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Data availability

The datasets generated or analyzed during the study are not publicly available due privacy of participants but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant. No:81730049 and No: U22A20354).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People’s Republic of China

    Yan Xie, Shun Zhang, Di Wu, Yihao Yao, Jun Lu, Hongquan Zhu, Yan Zhang & Wenzhen Zhu

  2. Department of Biomedical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA

    Junghun Cho

  3. Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA

    Yi Wang

  4. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA

    Yi Wang

Authors
  1. Yan Xie
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  2. Shun Zhang
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  4. Yihao Yao
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  8. Yi Wang
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  9. Yan Zhang
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Contributions

Yan Xie: Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing—Original Draft. Shun Zhang: Investigation, Formal analysis. Di Wu: Investigation and Resources. Yihao Yao: Resources. Junghun Cho: Methodology. Jun Lu: Investigation. Hongquan Zhu: Resources. Yi Wang: Methodology. Yan Zhang: Conceptualization, Writing—Review & Editing. Wenzhen Zhu: Resources, Supervision, Funding acquisition.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Yan Zhang or Wenzhen Zhu.

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Ethical approval

This study was approved by Ethics Committee of Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (TJ-IRB20231102).

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was obtained from all individual participants for whom data is included in this article.

Consent to participate

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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The authors have no potential conflicts of interest to disclose.

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Xie, Y., Zhang, S., Wu, D. et al. The changes of oxygen extraction fraction in different types of lesions in relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis: A cross-sectional and longitudinal study. Neurol Sci (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-024-07463-2

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