Direct Aortic Versus Supra‐Aortic Arterial Cannulation During Surgery for Acute Type A Aortic Dissection

Abstract

AbstractAimsIn this study we evaluated the impact of direct aortic cannulation versus innominate/subclavian/axillary artery cannulation on the outcome after surgery for type A aortic dissection.MethodsThe outcomes of patients included in a multicenter European registry (ERTAAD) who underwent surgery for acute type A aortic dissection with direct aortic cannulation versus those with innominate/subclavian/axillary artery cannulation, i.e. supra‐aortic arterial cannulation, were compared using propensity score matched analysis.ResultsOut of 3902 consecutive patients included in the registry, 2478 (63.5%) patients were eligible for this analysis. Direct aortic cannulation was performed in 627 (25.3%) patients, while supra‐aortic arterial cannulation in 1851 (74.7%) patients. Propensity score matching yielded 614 pairs of patients. Among them, patients who underwent surgery for TAAD with direct aortic cannulation had significantly decreased in‐hospital mortality (12.7% vs. 18.1%, p = 0.009) compared to those who had supra‐aortic arterial cannulation. Furthermore, direct aortic cannulation was associated with decreased postoperative rates of paraparesis/paraplegia (2.0 vs. 6.0%, p < 0.0001), mesenteric ischemia (1.8 vs. 5.1%, p = 0.002), sepsis (7.0 vs. 14.2%, p < 0.0001), heart failure (11.2 vs. 15.2%, p = 0.043), and major lower limb amputation (0 vs. 1.0%, p = 0.031). Direct aortic cannulation showed a trend toward decreased risk of postoperative dialysis (10.1 vs. 13.7%, p = 0.051).ConclusionsThis multicenter cohort study showed that direct aortic cannulation compared to supra‐aortic arterial cannulation is associated with a significant reduction of the risk of in‐hospital mortality after surgery for acute type A aortic dissection.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04831073.