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Ferroptosis and Pyroptosis in Epilepsy

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Abstract

Epilepsy is sudden, recurrent, and transient central nervous system dysfunction caused by abnormal discharge of neurons in the brain. Ferroptosis and pyroptosis are newly discovered ways of programmed cell death. One of the characteristics of ferroptosis is the oxidative stress generated by lipid peroxides. Similarly, pyroptosis has unique pro-inflammatory properties. As both oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are significant contributors to the pathogenesis of epilepsy, increasing evidence shows that ferroptosis and pyroptosis are closely related to epilepsy. This article reviews the current comprehension of ferroptosis and pyroptosis and elucidates potential mechanisms by which ferroptosis and pyroptosis may contribute to epilepsy. In addition, we also highlight the possible interactions between ferroptosis and pyroptosis because they reportedly coexist in many diseases, and increasing studies have demonstrated the convergence of pathways between the two. This is of great significance for explaining the occurrence and development of epilepsy and provides a new therapeutic perspective for the treatment of epilepsy.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Science Foundation Project (81801311), grants from the research funds of West China Second University Hospital (No. KL115 and KL072), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81971433, 82271749).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China

    Fan Feng, Rong Luo, Dezhi Mu & Qianyun Cai

  2. Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

    Fan Feng, Rong Luo, Dezhi Mu & Qianyun Cai

  3. Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Development and Maternal and Child Diseases of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

    Fan Feng, Rong Luo, Dezhi Mu & Qianyun Cai

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The contribution of each author in this manuscript is as follows: Fan Feng drafted the initial manuscript and revised the manuscript. Qianyun Cai modified the manuscript. Rong Luo, Dezhi Mu, and Qianyun Cai reviewed and revised the manuscript.

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Feng, F., Luo, R., Mu, D. et al. Ferroptosis and Pyroptosis in Epilepsy. Mol Neurobiol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-024-04018-6

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