Controlled Twill Surface Structure Endowing Nanofiber Composite Membrane Excellent Electromagnetic Interference Shielding

Abstract

AbstractInspired by the Chinese Knotting weave structure, an electromagnetic interference (EMI) nanofiber composite membrane with a twill surface was prepared. Poly(vinyl alcohol-co-ethylene) (Pva-co-PE) nanofibers and twill nylon fabric were used as the matrix and filter templates, respectively. A Pva-co-PE-MXene/silver nanowire (Pva-co-PE-MXene/AgNW, PMxAg) membrane was successfully prepared using a template method. When the MXene/AgNW content was only 7.4 wt% (PM7.4Ag), the EMI shielding efficiency (SE) of the composite membrane with the oblique twill structure on the surface was 103.9 dB and the surface twill structure improved the EMI by 38.5%. This result was attributed to the pre-interference of the oblique twill structure in the direction of the incident EM wave, which enhanced the probability of the electromagnetic waves randomly colliding with the MXene nanosheets. Simultaneously, the internal reflection and ohmic and resonance losses were enhanced. The PM7.4Ag membrane with the twill structure exhibited both an outstanding tensile strength of 22.8 MPa and EMI SE/t of 3925.2 dB cm−1. Moreover, the PMxAg nanocomposite membranes demonstrated an excellent thermal management performance, hydrophobicity, non-flammability, and performance stability, which was demonstrated by an EMI SE of 97.3% in a high-temperature environment of 140 °C. The successful preparation of surface-twill composite membranes makes it difficult to achieve both a low filler content and a high EMI SE in electromagnetic shielding materials. This strategy provides a new approach for preparing thin membranes with excellent EMI properties.