Abstract
Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
It remains unclear whether and which modality of exercise training as a component of lifestyle intervention may exert favourable effects on somatosensory and autonomic nerve tests in people with type 2 diabetes.
Methods
Cardiovascular autonomic and somatosensory nerve function as well as intraepidermal nerve fibre density (IENFD) were assessed in overweight men with type 2 diabetes (type 2 diabetes, n = 20) and male glucose-tolerant individuals (normal glucose tolerance [NGT], n = 23), comparable in age and BMI and serving as a control group, before and after a supervised high-intensity interval training (HIIT) intervention programme over 12 weeks. Study endpoints included clinical scores, nerve conduction studies, quantitative sensory testing, IENFD, heart rate variability, postural change in systolic blood pressure and spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity (BRS).
Results
After 12 weeks of HIIT, resting heart rate decreased in both groups ([mean ± SD] baseline/12 weeks: NGT: 65.1 ± 8.2/60.2 ± 9.0 beats per min; type 2 diabetes: 68.8 ± 10.1/63.4 ± 7.8 beats per min), while three BRS indices increased (sequence analysis BRS: 8.82 ± 4.89/14.6 ± 11.7 ms2/mmHg; positive sequences BRS: 7.19 ± 5.43/15.4 ± 15.9 ms2/mmHg; negative sequences BRS: 12.8 ± 5.4/14.6 ± 8.7 ms2/mmHg) and postural change in systolic blood pressure decreased (−13.9 ± 11.6/−9.35 ± 9.76 mmHg) in participants with type 2 diabetes, and two heart rate variability indices increased in the NGT group (standard deviation of R–R intervals: 36.1 ± 11.8/55.3 ± 41.3 ms; coefficient of R–R interval variation: 3.84 ± 1.21/5.17 ± 3.28) (all p<0.05). In contrast, BMI, clinical scores, nerve conduction studies, quantitative sensory testing, IENFD and the prevalence rates of diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy remained unchanged in both groups. In the entire cohort, correlations between the changes in two BRS indices and changes in $$ \dot{V}{\mathrm{O}}_{2\max } $$
V
̇
O
2
max
over 12 weeks of HIIT (e.g. sequence analysis BRS: r = 0.528, p=0.017) were observed.
Conclusions/interpretation
In male overweight individuals with type 2 diabetes, BRS, resting heart rate and orthostatic blood pressure regulation improved in the absence of weight loss after 12 weeks of supervised HIIT. Since no favourable effects on somatic nerve function and structure were observed, cardiovascular autonomic function appears to be more amenable to this short-term intervention, possibly due to improved cardiorespiratory fitness.
Graphical abstract
Funder
German Federal Ministry of Education and Research
German Federal Ministry of Health
Ministry of Innovation, Science, Research and Technology of the state North Rhine-Westphalia
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism,Internal Medicine
Cited by
8 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献