Hypoglycemia Among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Epidemiology, Risk Factors, and Prevention Strategies

Author:

Silbert Richard,Salcido-Montenegro Alejandro,Rodriguez-Gutierrez Rene,Katabi Abdulrahman,McCoy Rozalina G.

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism,Internal Medicine

Reference126 articles.

1. CDC. National Diabetes Statistics Report, 2017: estimates of diabetes and its burden in the United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. 2017. https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pdfs/data/statistics/national-diabetes-statistics-report.pdf . Accessed January 21 2018.

2. WHO. World Health Organization Global Report on Diabetes. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2016. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/204871/1/9789241565257_eng.pdf?ua=1 . Accessed February 26, 2018

3. Holmes HM, Hayley DC, Alexander GC, Sachs GA. Reconsidering medication appropriateness for patients late in life. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166(6):605–9. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.166.6.605 .

4. Cryer PE. Hypoglycemia: still the limiting factor in the glycemic management of diabetes. Endocr Pract. 2008;14(6):750–6. https://doi.org/10.4158/EP.14.6.750 .

5. •• Zoungas S, Patel A, Chalmers J, de Galan BE, Li Q, Billot L, et al. Severe hypoglycemia and risks of vascular events and death. N Engl J Med. 2010;363(15):1410–8. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1003795 . This post hoc analysis of the ADVANCE trial examined the patient- and treatment-specific risk factors for hypoglycemia. Furthermore, this study found that severe hypoglycemia, irrespective of the study arm, significantly increased the risks of all-cause mortality (HR 2.69; 95% CI, 1.97–3.67), cardiovascular mortality (HR 2.68; 95% CI, 1.72–4.19), major macrovascular events (HR 2.88; 95% CI, 2.01–4.12), and major microvascular events (HR 1.81; 95% CI, 1.19–2.74).

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