1. Alpert, G. P., & Fridell, L. A. (1992). Police vehicles and firearms: instruments of deadly force. Waveland Press.
2. Australian Institute of Criminology. (1998). Police shootings 1990–1999. no. 89 trends and issues in crime and criminal justice.
3. Behn, H. (2021) Suicide by cop in Germany. Polizei and Wissenschaft.
4. Best, D., Quigley, A., & Bailey, A. (2004). Police shootings as a method of self-harming: A review of the evidence for “suicide by cop” in England and Wales between 1998 and 2001. International Journal of the Sociology of Law., 32, 4.
5. Canadian Association of Chiefs of Police. (2000). A national use of force framework.