ANALYSIS OF INCIDENCE AND MORTALITY OF GASTROINTESTINAL MALIGNANT TUMORS IN UKRAINE AND WORLDWIDE

Abstract

The aim of the research is to study the epidemiological situation of malignant tumors of the gastrointestinal tract in Ukraine and worldwide. Material and Methods. The study was performed on the basis of data analysis of the National Cancer Registry of Ukraine during 2015-2019. Statistical methods, structural-logical analysis and system approach are used. Results and Discussion. The research confirmed that mortality-to-incidence ratio for rectal MT in Ukraine is higher than worldwide, which indicates the need to primarily improve screening measures for colorectal cancer. Four nosological units (pancreas, stomach, pharynx, liver), characterized by extremely high level of neglected conditions, namely every third case among the first detected were identified. Based on the analysis of neglected cancer cases, trend equations were derived, which can be used to predict the degree of neglect of malignant tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. A study of one-year survival of patients showed that 40.1-45.5% patients with a newly diagnosed pharyngeal MT, 38.8-41% patients with MT of the oral cavity and 30.7-35% patients with MT of the colon do not survive for 1-year period from the moment of diagnosis. The most critical values of the rate of coverage of cancer patients with special treatment are typical for people with MT of the pancreas and MT of the liver: only one in four patients with MT of the pancreas and one in five patients with MT of the liver received special antitumor treatment within a year from the date of diagnosis. Conclusions. Ensuring effective medical care for patients with malignant tumors remains a priority of the health care system of Ukraine. The solution to this problem lies at the intersection of the clinical part, economic, organizational and social planes.