1. Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Portland, Oregon
2. Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii
3. Kaiser Permanente Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii
4. Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unit 258, Villejuif, Paris XI University, Paris, France
5. Sansum Diabetes Research Institute, Santa Barbara, California